Bacon's name appearing as an acrostic in the works
The Elizabethans loved acrostics; that is, verses which conceal a name or word in the initial letters of the lines, so that it may be read downwards, or upwards, as a kind of hidden message in the text. Many examples of deliberate acrostics exist by such poets as Ben Jonson and others. The first column of the first full page of text in the First Folio (page 2) contains a blatant acrostic of Bacons name. It appears in Act 1 Scene 1 of The Tempest in the very passage in which Prospero reveals to Miranda her identity:
PROSPERO Sit down;
For thou must now know farther.
MIRANDA You have often
Begun to tell me what I am, but stopp'd
And left me to a bootless inquisition,
Concluding 'Stay: not yet.'
PROSPERO The hour's now come;
The very minute bids thee ope thine ear;
Obey and be attentive. Canst thou remember
The possibility that this occurrence of the name F Bacon (not to mention that of his closest friend, Tobie Matthews) is a co-incidence is ruled out conclusively by the presence of other acrostics on this and the facing page of text in the Folio. For example, the word BANNITO, meaning banished, occurs as an acrostic in the passage where Prospero describes his banishment from Milan:
PROSPERO
Well demanded, wench.
My tale provokes that question. Dear, they
durst not,
So dear the love my people bore me, nor
set
A mark so bloody on the business, but
With colours
fairer painted their foul ends.
In few, they
hurried us aboard a bark,
Bore
us some leagues to sea; where they prepared
A
rotten carcass of a boat, not rigg'd,
Nor tackle,
sail, nor mast; the very rats
Instinctively
had quit it: there they hoist us,
To
cry to the sea that roar'd to us, to sigh
To
the winds whose pity, sighing back again,
Did us but loving wrong.
The fact that the word chosen for the acrostic reflects the meaning of the passage not only leaves no room for doubt that this particular instance is intentional, but encourages the reader to search for other examples, given that a clear precedent of use has been established. The presence of the BANITTO acrostic therefore draws attention to the FBACON/TOBEY acrostics, and provides independent confirmation that they are deliberately inserted.
There are many other examples throughout the Folio. Here are a pair of acrostic F Bacons hidden on facing pages: the first occurs in the final verses of the play of King John, and reads with minor re-arrangement: I, fBACoN, while the second reads in reverse FBACoN, and occurs on the page facing the the King John acrostic, which is the first page of Richard II.
From King John:
(final verses)
This
England never did, nor never shall,
Lie at the
proud foot of a conqueror,
But when it
first did help to wound itself.
Now these her
princes are come home again,
Come the three
corners of the world in arms,
And we shall
shock them. Nought shall make us rue,
If England to itself do rest but true.
From Richard II (on
page opposite above)
We thank you
both: yet one but flatters us,
As well appeareth by the cause you come;
Namely to appeal each other of high treason.
Cousin of Hereford, what dost thou object
Against the Duke of Norfolk, Thomas Mowbray?
BOL. First, heaven be the record to my speech!
There is a fascinating acrostic of the consonants of the Bacon name in The Rape of Lucrece, discussed in more detail on this page.
But
she, that never coped with stranger eyes,
Could
pick no meaning from their parling looks,
Nor
read the subtle-shining secrecies
Writ
in the glassy margents of such books:
She
touch'd no unknown baits, nor fear'd no hooks;
Nor
could she moralize his wanton sight,
More
than his eyes were open'd to the light.
And there are other many other occurences throughout the plays, including:
And at first
meeting lov'd
Continued so until
we thought he dyed.
By the Queenes
Dramme she swallowed
Cymbeline V 5
But what trade art
thou? Answer me directly.
A trade, sir, that
I hope I may use, with a safe
Conscience, which
is indeed, sir, a mender of bad soules.
Julius Caesar I 1
But twenty times
so much upon my
A hundred then,
Content
Taming of the Shrew
Nor stonie Tower, nor Walls of beaten Brasse,
Nor ayre-lesse Dungeon, nor strong Linkes of Iron,
Can be retentiue to the strength of spirit:
But Life being wearie of these worldly Barres,
neuer lacks power to dismisse it selfe.
If I know this, know all the World besides,
That part of Tyrannie that I doe beare,
I can shake off at pleasure.
-The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, Act I
But for supporting Robbers: shall we now,
Contaminate our fingers, with base Bribes?
And sell the mighty space of our large Honors
For so much trash, as may be grasped thus?
-The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, Act IV
Fall in the fresh lap of the crimson Rose,
And on old Hyems chinne and Icie crowne,
An odorous Chaplet of sweet Sommer buds
Is as in mockry set. The Spring, the Sommer,
The childing Autumne, angry Winter change
Their wonted Liueries, and the mazed world,
By their increase, now knowes not which is which;
And this same progeny of cuills,
Comes from our debate, from our dissention,
We are their parents and originall.
-Midsommer Night’s Dream
Mar.
By this I thinke the Diall
points at fiue:
Anon I’me sure the Duke himselfe in person
Comes this way to the melancholly vale;
The place of depth, and sorrie execution, etc.
-The Comedy of Errors
Finally, we have this example from Ben Jonson's Epigrams, given in Rev. Walter Begley's Bacon's Nova Resuscitatio, VOL. II, p. 170, whose commentary follows the Epigram :
Epigram XXXVII
On Cheveril the LawyerNO Cause nor chent fat, will Cheveril leese,
But as they com on both sides he takes fees,
And pleaseth both; for whoe he melts his grease
FoR this; that wins for whom he holds his peace.
Here we may read FRA. BACON by using the capitals at the head
of each line of the epigram, and by beginning at the last line and reading
upwards. The letter O at the second place of the last line is a null, and
therefore non legitur. I hold this to be an evident intentional
cipher allusion, and cannot accept the plea that it is mere chance or
coincidence. The odds against such an allocation of letters being unintentional
are enormous; and besides this, it is clear that a lawyer is meant, and also one
who had threatened Jonson with Star Chamber processes for libel, as we see from
the other epigram on Cheveril (LIV). Now, Bacon suits both these requisites, and
when we find his name written into the epigram as above, it amounts to nearly a
certainty that he was the man meant.
I had not noticed this letter cryptogram when I quoted the epigram in Is It
Shakespeare?, p. 92, but a contributor to Baconiana tried afterwards
to get Bacon’s name in a rather mixed up way from the pure acrostic of the
epigram and the first letters of the title “On Cheveril the Lawyer,” and I
at once saw FRA. BACON much more clearly from the epigram alone. I hold this and
the B. FRA or FRA. B. of “Lucrece” to be unimpeachable.